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Future perfect and past Conditional

After revising the construction of the SIMPLE FUTURE  and of the CONDITIONAL, we are now going to study the FUTURE PERFECT and the PAST CONDITIONAL.  They're very easy to use, once the construction is understood ; yet, these tenses are not appreciated by many learners who still hesitate before building them. 

1)  THE  FUTURE PERFECT:

= Subject + the Auxiliary WILL/SHALL + have + Past Participle of the verb:

 ex : The problem is difficult ; he's working on it but will have found the solution before an hour.

- the interrogative form simply requires the inversion of the auxiliary and the subject + ?    => WILL/SHALL + subject + have +  past  participle +?

 ex : Will you have finished this book tonight? I have to take it back to the library by Saturday. 

- the negative form: you must place NOT between the AUXILIARY of the future and have + past participle.

 ex : He's a slow worker and will not have finished his homework before 6 o'clock. 

2) THE  CONDITIONAL PERFECT or PAST CONDITIONAL:

= Subject + Auxiliary WOULD/SHOULD + have + past participle of the verb:

 He would have listened more carefully after a good night's sleep... 

The interrogative and negative forms ot the past conditional follow he same patterns as those of the past future which are explained above.

ex : Would you have agreed to help him without the incentive he gave you? 

ex : I wouldn't have answered such a stupid comment! 

3) Futures and conditionals (simple or past) cannot be found in temporal subordinates (introduced  by : after, as long as, as soon as, before, once, when, while ...) ; they must be in the present perfect (if the main clause contains a future) or in the past perfect ( when there is a conditional):

ex : He answered that he wouldn't phone you when he had arrived. 

ex : Tell me when he has finished writing his report. I'll proofread it for him. 

You're ready! Don't be frighened and if you're careful, everything will be fine !  I hope I'll have helped a little ! 

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1. You shouldn't have been frightened: I I never would hadnever I would haveI would have neverI would never have leftI don't know you alone here.


2. I hope your students will have madewould makewill been madeshall makeI don't know a lot of progress by the end of the year....


3. With careful and hardworking students, I won't have explainI wouldn't have explainedwill I haven't explainI would haven't explainedI don't know the lesson twice...


4. Would you have finishedYou'll have finishedYou'd have finishedWill you have finishedI don't know your essay tonight ? Yes, it's my deadline.


5. I had promised you that I would have never given upI won't ever given upI would never have given upI never would have given upI don't know on him, and I kept my promise! You didn't have to worry about him.


6. After a few days' rest, he'll be forgottenhe'll have been forgottenhe'd have been forgottenhe'll have forgottenI don't know the bad experience he has lived.


7. With a few lessons at the pool, the kid wouldn't have been afraidwill not have been afraidwill not be afraidwouldn't be afraidI don't know of diving to the bottom of the pool. Look! He's so scared that he's shaking.


8. With that terrible noise, I'm sure nobody will have been heardwill been heardwill be heardwill have heardI don't know what you said... Would you please repeat?


9. She won't have openedwould have openedwill have been openedwould never have openedI don't know the door for you! You're lucky you finally found your key...


10. You're a lazy student! With 2 or 3 readings of the poem, would be knownwould have been knownshould be knownyou would have knownI don't know it by heart !