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Vocabulary: different words of vocabulary and grammar
Very often, as a teacher, a "mother", an "educator", a member of Associations, and while listening to different radios or watching varied TV channels, or simply while discussing daily, I have felt a strong difficulty (or awkwardness) leading to a lack of communication... The conversation partners didn't understand one another. Sometimes, the conversation escalated because of this misunderstanding... I have often tried to understand the cause and have reached a conclusion that most of the times, many confusions came from imprecision on the terms used to clarify the points.
The grammar and vocabulary of a language do have their rules and "vocabulary" which cannot be replaced... Choosing "the right word", or knowing the part of speech, gender, number or function of a term used in a speech, using them rightly, should clarify the misunderstandings.
Colloquial: informal, familiar. A cliché!
I) VOCABULARY:
A word/ a term | A phrase | |
A set phrase | A colloquialism | |
A time honoured phrase | A catch phrase | |
An idiomatic phrase | A cliché | |
Terminology | To enrich/ increase your vocabulary |
Prefixes + Root (word) + suffixes.
To come from | A word of Latin/ Greek origin | |
A root | An abbreviation | |
An acronym* | To abbreviate something | |
Obsolete | A neologism** | |
A derivative | A set of initials | |
A compound | To derive from | |
A prefix | A suffix | |
The meaning of a word | To mean | |
To signify/ significance | Meaningless | |
Nonsense | A piece of nonsense |
* an acronym : INITIALS which are pronounced like an ordinary word. «UFO»: Unidentifed Flying Objects
** a neologism: a new word or phrase or an existing word used in a new sense.
a portmanteau word= (brunch= breakfast + lunch)
- What does it mean?
- What do you call it?/ What's the name for it?
II) GRAMMAR:
A grammar (book) | Ungrammatical | |
A grammarian | Gender | |
Number | To analyse | |
Sentence analysis | A grammatical category | |
Countable | Uncountable/ a mass noun | |
A proper noun | An antecedent | |
To decline/ a declension | A sentence | |
A clause | To conjugate/ a conjugation | |
In the comparative | In the superlative | |
To qualify (for an adjective) | To modify (for an adverb) |
Characteristics of a noun:
- gender: masculine - feminine - neuter -
- number: singular - plural -
- concrete or abstract?// Common or Proper?
Categories of words in grammar:
- a noun / an adjective / a determiner / a definite/ indefinite article / a pronoun [ a personal pronoun/ a demonstrative / a relative / an interrogative / a possessive]
- a verb (the first/ second/ third person).[the root/ the endings]
- an adverb // a conjonction // a preposition
- a gerund
- a present participle (in -ing) / a past participle (- ed)
Functions:
- subject/ complement/ object
Modes:
- indicative / subjunctive/ conditional
Tenses:
- the present (tense)/ the future (tense)/ the past/ the perfect / the present perfect / the preterite/ the simple past/ the imperfect/ the past perfect/ the future perfect
This may look and sound a little tedious or, on the contrary, may seem really obvious to readers, yet, be very careful and you'll see that this isn't that simple.
Come on now, go for the test!
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